Rattlesnakes at High Elevation

November 2, 2023

Question: I was surprised on a recent hike in the Tahoe National Forest to see a rattlesnake since we were at about 7,500 feet in elevation. Is that unusual?

Answer: Based on the picture provided, that’s a western rattlesnake and it’s not unusual to see them at high elevations. There are seven species of rattlesnakes found in California and western rattlesnakes are the most widespread, found throughout the state (except in desert regions) from sea level to 11,000 feet, although they are much rarer above 7,000 feet.

Rattlesnakes use rock mounds, dense vegetation and mammal burrows for thermoregulation, cover from predators and overwintering. Rattlesnakes, like all reptiles, are ectotherms, meaning their metabolic rate and bodily functions are controlled by the temperature in the environment around them. When temperatures consistently drop below approximately 60 degrees Fahrenheit, rattlesnakes go into a hibernation-like state called brumation which can last several months. Rattlesnakes living at higher elevations where it’s colder are typically smaller, due to a shortened time when they can be active and grow.